\r\n Most climate scientists agree the main cause of the current global warming trend is human expansion of the "greenhouse effect"1 — warming those results when the atmosphere traps heat radiating from Earth toward space. Human activities are changing the natural greenhouse. Over the last century the burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil has increased the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Global warming is primarily a problem of too much carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere—which acts as a blanket, trapping heat and warming the planet.

\r\n Green Energy principally involves natural energetic processes which are able to be controlled with little or no pollution. Anaerobic digestion, geothermal power, wind power, small-scale hydropower, alternative energy, biomass power, recurrent event power, wave power, and many sorts of nuclear power belongs to the green energy. Some definitions might embody power derived from the combustion of waste. In several countries with enterprise arrangements, electricity selling arrangements build it attainable for patrons to shop for green electricity from either their utility or a green power provider. Once energy is purchased from the electricity network, the power reaching the customer will not primarily be generated from green energy sources. The native utility company, utility, or state power pool buys their electricity from electricity producers World Health Organization might even be generating from fuel, nuclear or renewable energy sources. In many countries green energy presently provides a very little bit of electricity, typically conducive two to five to the pool. green energy customers either obligates the utility firms to increase the number of inexperienced energy that they purchase from the or directly fund the green energy through a green power provider.

\r\n Pollution is the presence of a pollutant in the environment and is often the result of human actions. Pollution has a detrimental effect on the environment. Animals, fish and other aquatic life, plants and humans all suffer when pollution is not controlled. In other words, Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the environment that causes harmful and toxic effects to living things. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollution is often classified as point source pollution or non-point source pollution. Noise pollution, soil pollution and light pollution too are the damaging the environment at an alarming rate. Things as simple as light, sound and temperature can be considered pollutants when introduced artificially into an environment. Air pollution is by far the most harmful form of pollution in our environment. Air pollution is cause by the injurious smoke emitted by cars, buses, trucks, trains, and factories, namely sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. Toxic pollution affects more than 200 million people worldwide. In some of the world’s worst polluted places, babies are born with birth defects, children have lost 30 to 40 IQ points, and life expectancy may be as low as 45 years because of cancers and other diseases.

\r\n Recycling is the practice of recovering used materials from the waste stream and then incorporating those same materials into the manufacturing process. Successful recycling also depends on manufacturers making products from recovered materials and, in turn, consumers purchasing products made of recyclable materials. Does your part "close the loop" and buy products made of recycled materials whenever possible. Recycling is the process of collecting and processing materials that would otherwise be thrown away as trash and turning them into new products.

\r\n It is the science that deals with origin, evolution, structure, composition and behavior of Earth's landscapes, places and environments. It includes the studies of assessing environmental studies, spatial studies and satellite events. It is an applied science concerned with the practical application of the principles of geology in the solving of environmental problems. It includes Hydrogeology, Environmental Mineralogy, Hydro geochemistry, Soil Mechanics. The fundamentals concepts of environmental geology are Human population growth, Sustainability, Earth as a system, Hazardous earth processes which involves geologic hazards, natural resources, and topical issues of concern to society such as climate change and provides sound advice about how humanity can live responsibly and sustainably on Earth. Environmental geology applies geologic information to the solution, prediction and study of geologic problems such as Earth materials, Natural hazards, Landscape evaluation, Environmental impact analysis and remediation. Forces within the Earth create mountain ranges and ocean basins and drive the movements of continents. Wind, water and ice shapes the surface of the Earth, making and changing the landscapes.

\r\n Environmental toxicology deals with the adverse effects of environmental toxicants on health and the environment. Environmental toxicants are agents released into the overall environment that can cause adverse effects on health. The word “health” here refers to not only social health but also the health of animals and plants. The study of environmental toxicology stems from the recognition that Human survival depends upon the well-being of other species and upon the availability of clean air, water and food and Anthropogenic chemicals as well as naturally occurring chemicals can have detrimental effects on existing organisms and ecological processes. Environmental toxicology is thus concerned with how environmental toxicants, through their contact with humans, animals, and plants, influence the health and welfare of these organisms.

\r\n Oceanology is the branch of Geography that studies the sea. It covers an extensive variety of subjects, including biological system elements; sea streams, waves, and geophysical liquid progression; plate tectonics and the topography of the ocean bottom; and fluxes of different synthetic substances and physical properties inside the sea and over its limits. These assorted subjects mirror different controls that oceanographers mix to further information of the World Sea and comprehension of Procedures inside space science, science, science, climatology, topography, geography, hydrology, meteorology and material science. Pale oceanography concentrates on the historical backdrop of the seas in the geologic past. Branches are of four sort's Biological oceanography, Chemical oceanography, Geological oceanography, Physical oceanography.

\r\n It is an intriguing field. The review runs with the Earth utilizing gravity, attractive, electrical, and seismic techniques, which announce the component of the Earth. It is basically used to recognize, outline foresee the nearness and potential development of surface water and groundwater and to distinguish contaminants in the dirt dampness inside the upper 10 to 50 m of the Earth's surface. Natural geophysics is a connected science worried with the down to earth utilization of the standards of geophysics in the tackling of ecological issues. It incorporates Hydro geophysics, Environmental Mineralogy, Hydro geochemistry, Soil Mechanics etc. The investigation of Environmental Science manages the investigation of environment with the reconciliation of physical science

\r\n The geology and geochemistry of petroleum are becoming ever more important as the demand for fossil fuels increases worldwide. We must find new hydrocarbon reserves that are hidden in almost inaccessible areas. Our knowledge of petroleum geology and geochemistry is the best intellectual tool that we have for the never ending search for rich new deposits of hydrocarbons. The geology of the rocks under deep oceans and on continental shelves has become much more important as advances in technology permit drilling in these areas. Developments in petroleum geology and geochemistry, and advances in seismic and well-logging measurements, provide a better understanding of the evaluation of subsurface sedimentary deposits and the migration, entrapment, and production of hydrocarbons.

\r\n Geoscience is the study of the Earth. It is an exciting science with many practical and interesting applications. It is the study of critical issues like energy, meteorology, mineral and water resources, oceanography, planetary science reducing natural hazards for society. Many different sciences are used to learn about the earth, however, the four basic areas of Geoscience study are geology, oceanography meteorology and astronomy. It also includes the study of the hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere. Earth scientists will use tools from physics, chemistry, chronology, biology and mathematics to build a quantitative understanding of how the Earth system works, and how it evolved to its current state. Geoscientists use physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics and computing to understand the planet as a natural system. Topics in the field include geology, petroleum geology, oceanography, climatology, geophysics and geochemistry. Some of the Earth scientists use their knowledge of the Earth to locate and develop mineral and energy resources. Others study the impact of human activity on Earth's environment and design methods to protect the planet. Two important subfields of geology are volcanology and seismology. These sciences can help predict the perils and mitigate the effects of natural hazards like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis and landslides.

\r\n  

\r\n Oil and gas are naturally occurred chemicals that are made up of just two elements Hydrogen and Carbon. Nowadays Oil and natural gas reserves are found in many parts of the world. In the past, demand was low and reserves were easy to find. In fact, the first users of oil depended on surface oil excretion for their supplies. However, as demand has increased, all easily found oils has been used. Today, oil exploration takes place in some of the most challenging places on earth. Now all are surveying for new oil reserves thousands of feet under the ocean and lands. This session explains about Hydrocarbons and Hydrocarbon Reservoir, formation of Oil and Natural Gas, refining of crude oil and its restoring, pipelines for refined oils, natural Gas exploration and production. Oil and Gas Market Size worth $1.99 Billion by 2021 | CAGR: 5.07%. The market size is projected to reach USD 1.99 Billion by 2021, at a CAGR of 5.07% between 2016 and 2021 in oil & gas industry. The increasing demand in the oil & gas industry for non-corrosive and lightweight materials. Also, low maintenance cost of composites are the key drivers of the global market of composites in oil & gas industry.

\r\n Renewable energy source is vitality that is produced from normal procedures that are persistently recharged. This incorporates sunlight, geothermal heat, wind, tides, water, and different types of biomass. This Energy can't be depleted and is continually recharged. Renewable energy technologies range solar power, wind power, hydroelectricity/micro hydro, biomass and bio fuels for transportation. The utilization of Renewable fuels dates to Neolithic times, when cave tenants made fire from wood and different biomass for cooking and heating. For a large number of years from that point, sustainable power source was all people utilized. The little measures of vitality available to people through customary scattered sustainable power sources implied that for centuries, human lives stayed unaltered.

\r\n Advanced biofuels are fuels that can be processed from numerous types of biomass. First generation biofuels are processed from the sugars and vegetable oils formed in arable crops, which can be smoothly extracted applying conventional industrial biotechnology. In comparison, microbial biofuels are made from modern biomass or woody crops, agricultural residues or waste, which makes it tougher to extract the requisite fuel. Advanced biofuel technologies have been devised because first generation biofuels manufacture has major limitations. First generation biofuel processes are convenient but restrained in most cases: there is a limit above which they cannot yield enough biofuel without forbidding food supplies and biodiversity. Many first generation biofuels rely on subsidies and are not cost competitive with prevailing fossil fuels such as oil, and some of them yield only limited greenhouse gas emissions savings. When considering emissions from production and transport, life-cycle assessment from first generation biofuels usually approach those of traditional fossil fuels. Advanced biofuels can aid resolving these complications and can impart a greater proportion of global fuel supply affordably, sustainably and with larger environmental interests.